Charge-transfer polymer blends



United States Patent 3,536,781 CHARGE-TRANSFER POLYMER BLENDS Robert J. Cotter, Bernardsville, and TheodoreSulzberg,

Piscataway, N.J., assignors to Union Carbidecorporation, a corporation of New York No Drawing. filed Feb. 1, 1968, Ser. No. 702,195

Int. Cl. C08g 39/10 US. Cl. 260-860 29 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A new class of polymers called charge-transfer polymers has been prepared by polymer-polymer interaction of condensation polymers containing electron-donating groups and condensation polymers containing electron-accepting groups. In contrast to the individual condensation polymers which are either colorless or lightly colored, the charge-transfer polymer blends have vivid, permanent colorations. The resultant polymer blends have volume resistivities lower than the original condensation polymers with some in the range of semi-conductors. The chargetransfer polymer blends of this invention have been used to make useful films, coatings, shaped articles, and fibers which are all permanently colored.

This invention relates to mixtures or blends of condensation polymers and more particularly to blends of condensation polymers containing electron-donating groups with condensation polymers containing electronaccepting groups.

There is a continuing serach for synthetic organic polymers having physical and chemical characteristics which qualify them for use as films, various types of shaped articles, coatings, fibers and the like. In many instances dyes or colorants are added to polymers for aesthetic reasons. Quite often, dyes change color with aging or are partially leached out of the polymer on exposure to the elements or on contact with solvent environments. Synthetic fibers have their own unique problems in that many are dye resistant and have to be subjected to special treatments to make them dye receptive.

It has now been found that by mechanically blending certain classes of colorless or lightly colored condensation polymers, a charge-transfer polymer blend can be obtained which has a permanent color. This discovery was achieved by choosing as the first class of condensation polymers ones which have electron-accepting groups thereon and as the second class of condensation polymers 7 those having electron-donating groups thereon. The charge-transfer accompanying the mechanical blending of these two classes of condensation polymers produces a highly colored, permanent polymer blend. In addition, the volume resistivities of some of these charge-transfer polymer blends are in the range of about 10* to 10+ ohm=centimeters which classifies them as semi-conductors. Neither of the condensation polymers alone have volume resistivities in this range.

Charge-transfer complexes are defined as being formed from the interaction of a wide variety of molecules, primarily aromatics, which can behave as electron donors or electron acceptors.

The terms electron-donating or releasing and electron-accepting or attracting are used in the usual context as applied to aromatic nuclei by L. F. Feiser and M. Feiser, Advanced Organic Chemistry, Reinhold Publishing Company, N.Y., 1961, pp. 626-8. The former tends to make the aromatic ring relatively more negative than an 3,536,781 Patented Oct. 27, 1970 unsubstituted ring and have a dipole moment from substitue'nt to ring, e.g.,

Conversely, electron accepting groups decrease the electron density on the aromatic ring:

In the charge-transfer interaction, an electron is transferred from the donor to the acceptor thereby giving rise to a light absorption whose wavelength is relative to the ease of this transfer. By varying the donor and acceptor, a range of interactions are obtained.

Generally, this interaction tends to take the form of a low energy (i.e., visible wavelength absorption) chargetransfer from donor species to acceptor species thus giving rise to both electrical and visual effects. The latter can be seen readily by combining a donor polymer and an acceptor polymer in solution or in themelt and observing the color formation. Likewise, this can be done spectrophotometrically.

The charge-transfer polymer blends of this invention are mixtures of normally solid linear polymers comprising:

(a) 5 to percent by weight of an electron donor polymer having the general formula:

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of divalent hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, n is a whole number having a value from 0 to l and D is a divalent nitrogen radical having a formula selected from the following:

\ CHz-CHz N N N Ca I (Z) L g1... J

wherein m is a whole number having values from 0 to 1, R is as described above and A is a divalent, arylene radical having a formula selected from the group consisting of:

W Q Q Y, Y,

wherein Y is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of -N02, -CN, i JRa wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, -SO R CF -N(R and halogen, p is as described above and W is a divalent radical having a formula selected from the group consisting of:

ON ON NC CO2Ra O H II II [5 l C I 1 S Il\ and RBOZC COgRa C II 0 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

In general, the electron-donating condensation polymers or donors are polyesters or polycarbonates having electron-donating groups in the backbone structure.

Representative donors include the linear, normally solid polyoxalates, succinates, adipates, azelates, sebacates, cycloheXane-l,4-dicarboxylates, isophthalates, terephthalates, biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylates and naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylates of:

phenyliminodiethanol m-tolyliminodiethanol p-tolyliminodiethanol p-aminophenyliminodiethanol p-hydroxyphenyliminodiethanol m-anisyliminodiethanol p-anisylirninodiethanol p-methylaminophenyliminodiethanol p-dimethylaminophenyliminodiethanol 2,S-dimethoxyphenyliminodiethanol 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyliminodiethanol p-phenyliminodiethanol 2-fluorenyliminodiethanol 7 -methoXy-Z-fluorenyliminodiethanol l-naphthyliminodiethanol 2-naphthyliminodiethanol N,N'-dihydroxyethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline 6-methoXy-N,N'-dihydroxyethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline.

Another group of donor polymers are the homo-polycarbonates of the above alkylimiuodiethanols as well as their co-polycarbonates with: ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, di-1,2-propylene glycol, tri-1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4- butylene glycol, 1,5-pentylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone, resorcinol, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(4- hydroxyphenyl) methane and the like.

The preferred donors are the normally solid, linear polyesters and polycarbonates of:

phenyliminodiethanol m-tolyliminodiethanol p-anisyliminodiethanol 2,5-dimethoxyphenyliminodiethanol 3,4,S-trimethoxyphenyliminodiethanol 2-fluorenyliminodiethanol N,N'-dihydroxyethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline with the aforementioned dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds.

The electron-accepting condensation polymers or acceptors are also polyesters or polycarbonates having electron-accepting groups in the backbone structure.

Some of the typical acceptors are the linear, normally solid polyesters of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, di-1,2-propylene glycol, tri-1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,5-pentylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutylene glycol, l,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone, resorcinol, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane and 1,1-bis(4-hydroxylphenyl) methane with the following classes of aromatic diacids (in which the Y substituents are NO CN, -COCH3, SO2CH3, -'CO2CH3, --OF3,

@monnx and X where X represents halogen):

S-Y-isophthalic acid Y-terephthalic acid 4,6-di Y-isophthalic acid 2,4-di Y-isophthalic acid 2,5-di Y-terphthalic acid 2,3-di Y-terphthalic acid 3,3-di Y-benzophenone-4,4-dicarboxylic acid 3,3,5,5-tetra Y-benzophenone-4,4-dicarboxylic acid 3,3-di Y-diphenylsulfoXide-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid 3,3'-5,5'-tetra Y-diphenylsulfoXide-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid 3,3'-di Y-diphenylsulfone-4,4-dicarboxylic acid 3,35,5-tetra Y-diphenylsulfone-4,4-dicarboxylic acid 2,2-bis- (3 -Y-4'-carboxyphenyl)-1,1-dicyanoethylene 2,2-bis- (3 ',5'-di Y-4-carboxyphenyl) -1,1-dicyanoethylene 2,2-bis-(3-Y-4'-carboxyphenyl)-1-cyano-l-carbomethoxyethylene 2,2-bis-(3',5-di Y-4'-carboxyphenyl)-1-cyano-1-carbomethoxyethylene 2,2-bis- 3 -Y-4'-carboXyphenyl)-1,l-dicarbomethoxyethylene 2,2-bis-(3,5'-di Y-4-carboxyphenyl)-1,1-dicarbomethoxyethylene fluorenone-Z,7-dicarboxylic acid 4,5-di Y-fiuorenone-Z,7-dicarboxylic acid 9-(dicyanomethylene) fiuorene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid 4,5-di Y (dicyanomethylene) fluorene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid 9-(dicarbomethoxymethylene) fluorene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid 4,5-di Y (dicarbomethoxymethylene) fluorene-2,7-

dicarboxylic acid 9(cyano-carbomethoxymethylene) fluorene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid 4,5-di Y-(cyano-carbomethoxymethylene) fluorene 2,7-

dicarboxylic acid dibenzothiophenoxide-2,9 dicarboxylic acid 4,5-di Y dibenzothiopheneoxide-Z,9-dicarboxylic 'acid dibenzothiophenedioxide-Z,9-dicarboxylic acid 4,5-di Y dibenzothiophenedioxide-2,9-dicarboxylic acid Other typical acceptors are the polycarbonates or the bis 2-hydroxyethyl esters of the above diacids with the aforelisted dihydroxy compounds.

The preferred acceptors are the normally solid, linear polyesters of:

S-nitroisophthalic acid S-acetylisophthalic acid nitroterephthalic acid 2,5-dicyanoterephthalic acid 4,6-dinitroisophthalic acid (fluorenone-2,7-dicarboxylic acid 4,5-dinitrofluorenone-Z,7-dicarboxylic acid 9-dicyanomethylenefluorene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid 4,5-dinitro-9-dicyanomethylenefiuorene-2,7-

dicarboxylic acid 3,3-bistrifluoromethyl diphenylsulfone-4,4-

dicarboxylic acid 3,3-dichlorodiphenylsulfoxide-4,4-dicarboxylic acid with the aforementioned dihydroxy compounds. Also preferred are the polycarbonates of these dihydroxy compounds with di(2-hydroxyethyl)5-nitroisophthalate.

The preparation of both the donors, that is, the electron-donating condensation polymers, and the acceptors, that is, the electron-accepting condensation polymers, can be effected by known condensation polymerization methods useful for the preparation of polyesters or polycarbonates.

The method of mixing the electron-"accepting condensation polymers with the electron-donating condensation polymers to form the charge-transfer polymer blends of this invention is not narrowly critical and may be effected either in bulk or in solution. For the preparation of chargetransfer polymer blends in bulk it is preferred to intimately mix the donor and acceptor condensation polymers by any mixing methods known in the art. The mixture can be merely melted, extruded or compression molded to produce the charge-transfer polymer blend. When a solution technique is employed a common solvent must be chosen which will readily dissolve both the donor and acceptor condensation polymers. Examples of suitable solvents include: halogenated hydrocarbons such as mehylene chloride, chloroform, 1,1,2,2,-tetrachloroethane, 1,2, 3-trichloropropane and the like; amides such as dimethylformarnide, dimethyl acetamide, N-methyl pyrrol-idone and the like; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, N- rnethylmorpholine, d'imethoxyethane, 'ldiethylene glycol dimethylether and the like; aromatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, pyridine, 2-picoline, toluene, anisole and the like; and miscellaneous solvents such a trifluoroacetic acid, hexafluoroisopropanol and the like.

A wide temperature range may be used in the preparation of the charge-transfer polymer blends since the temperatures are not narrowly critical below the decomposition points of the polymers being blended. Pressure is not a factor in the solution blending technique but in the bulk method it is preferred to use a pressure in range of 100 to 6000 p.s.i.g. The exact pressure range chosen will of course depend on the flow properties of the component polymers being employed, i.e., both donor and acceptor polymers.

It is preferred to employ about 5 to 95 weight percent of the donor polymer and about 95 to 5 percent of the acceptor polymer in the preparation of the charge-transfer polymer blend of this invention. It is particularly preferred to employ a range of about to 80 percent and a range of about 45 to 55 percent is most preferred.

While it is preferred to combine one donor polymer with one acceptor polymer, it was found that using more than one donor polymer and/or more than one acceptor polymer in the charge-transfer blends led to interesting and useful products. In fact, by judicious choice of components, a whole spectrum of permanently colored polymeric blends were produced.

While not wishing to be bound by any theory or explanation it is believed that the unexpected properties of these unique charge-transfer polymer blends are due to several factors such as a balance between the electron-accepting strength of acceptor polymers and electron-donating strength of the donor polymers, the geometry of the donor and acceptor groups which enhances maximum interaction between them, and the symmetry of the donor and acceptor polymers which provides a uniform distance between the interacting groups on each of the respective polymers.

The unusual electrical conductivity of many of the charge-transfer polymers of this invention make them suitable for use in electrical components whereas known polymeric materials could only be used when compounded with conductive fillers, such as powdered metals or carbon black.

The inherent, vivid colors of the charge-transfer polymers of this invention, suggest their use not only for aesthetic coloring of films, coatings, and shaped articles but also for use as synthetic textile fibers permanently dyed and resistant to deterioration upon aging.

The invention is further described by the examples which follow. All parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified.

PREPARATION OF NORMALLY SOLID, LINEAR, ELECTRON DONATING POLYMERS Example 1 A charge consisting of a solution of 18.12 grams of phenyliminodiethanol and 20.30 grams of isophthaloyl chloride and 300 mlfof 1,2-dichloroethane was heated to the reflux temperature under an argon atmosphere in a 3-necked round bottom flask equipped with a thermometer, stirrer, reflux condenser, and additional funnel. Pyridine (30 ml.) was added as rapidly as possible to the solution, which was then refluxed for 4 hours. The solution was cooled and a solid polymer was precipitated by adding it to 1000 ml. of methanol and the polymer isolated by filtration. After washing the polymer several times with water it was dried at 50 C. under reduced pressure. This polymer poly(phenyliminodiethanol isophthalate), having repeatmg units represented by:

had a softening temperature of about C. and could be cast or extruded into colorless films or coatings. The ultraviolet spectrum of this polymer showed no maximum about 3000 angstroms in chloroform solution.

Example 2 The procedure described in Example 1 was followed with the exception that 21.13 grams of p-anisyliminodiethanol was substituted for the phenyliminodiethanol. The solid polymer, which was isolated, poly (p-anisyliminodiethanol isophthalate), had repeating units represented by:

p o 0- oomonnyomomo I OGHs Compression molded films of this polymer were found to be colorless.

Example 3 F i l --c omonnyornomo oii OCH:

Colorless compression molded films of this polymer softened at 55 C.

Example 4 Example 3 was repeated with the exception that 20.30 grams of terephthaloyl chloride was substituted for the isophthaloyl chloride. A solid polymer, poly(m-tolyliminodiethanol terephthalate). having repeating units rep- 5 resented by:

was obtained. This polymer has afforded clear, colorless 5 coatings.

Example 5 Example 1 was repeated with the exception that 24.13 grams of 2,5 -dimethoxyphenyliminodiethanol was used in place of phenyliminodiethanol. The solid polymer, poly (2,5-dimethoxyphenyliminodiethanol isophthalate), having repeating units represented by:

F ll l -0 CHzCHzIITCHzCHzO-C- O was obtained. This polymer was readily converted to colorless films and coatings.

Example 6 Using the procedure described in Example 1 with the exception that 3,4,5 trimethoxyphenyliminodiethanol (27.14 grams) was used in place of the phenyliminodiethanol. A solid polymer, poly(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyliminodiethanol isophthalate), was obtained and had repeating units represented by:

O II II -OCH2CHz1TTCH2CH2O C- -C CHaO OCHz 8 melted at C. and formed films and molded articles which were colorless.

Example 8 Example 7 was repeated with the exception that 21.13 grams of p-anisyliminodiethanol was used in place of the phenyliminodiethanol thus affording the solid polymer, poly(p-anisyliminodiethanol-bisphenol A carbonate), believed to have repeating units represented by:

I'll l o o+o o oornom Nomomo This polymer had a T of C., a tensile modulus of 200,000 p.s.i. and formed clear, tough, colorless films and molded objects.

Example 9 Using the procedure described in Example 7, poly(2- fluorenyliminodiethanol-bisphenol A carbonate) was pre pared from 25.53 grams of 2-fiuorenyliminodiethanol and 35.32 grams of bisphenol A dichloroformate. This solid polymer had repeating units represented by:

It formed colorless, clear films and coatings.

Example 10 A solid polycarbonate with repeating units represented by:

was prepared using the method described in Example 1 but with 22.23 grams of N,N-dihydr0xyethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline and 35.32 grams of bisphenol A dichloroformate as reactants. This polycarbonate, poly (N,N' dihydroxyethyl 1,2,3,4 tetrahydroquinoxalinebisphenol A carbonate), formed colorless films.

PREPARATION OF NORMALLY SOLID, LINEAR, ELECTRON ACCEPTOR POLYMERS- Example 11 A solution of 11.32 grams of 1,6-hexauediol and 24.80 grams of S-nitroisophthaloyl chloride in 300 ml. of 1,2- dichloroethane was heated almost to reflux under an argon atmosphere in a B-necked round bottom flask equipped With a thermometer, reflux condenser, stirrer and dropping funnel. Pyridine (30 ml.) was then added as rapidly as possible and the resulting solution refluxed for 4 hours.

9 The solution was then cooled and poly(1,6-hexanediol was then added as rapidly as possible and the resultant S-nitroisophthalate) was obtained by precipitation from solution refluxed for 4 hours. After cooling the solution a solution with 1000 ml. of methanol and isolation by filpolyestercarlbonate with repeating units represented by:

0 o 0 0 W 1 -o 0-. o 0 0011201120 0 o OCH2CHzO- tration. After washing several times with water this was precipitated by addition of methanol to the solution polymer was dried at 50 C. under reduced pressure. The and isolated by filtration. The polyestercarbonate, poly dried polymer, whose formula has repeating units rep- [di(2-hydroxyethyl)-S-nitroisophthalate-bisphenol A carresented by: bonate], was washed with water and dried at reduced 0 0 pressure. This polymer had a T of 70 0., formed tough U 111 films, fibers and molded objects which were virtually -OCHzCHzCH2OH2CH2CH2O 0- colorless.

Example 16 I 20 Using the equipment in the procedure described in N02 Example 11 with 11.82 grams of 1,6-hexanediol and 30.51

grams of fluorenone-2,7-dicarboxylic acid chloride as the reactants afforded poly(1,6-hexanediol-fluorenone-2,7-dicarboxylate) which had repeating units represented by:

bad a softening point of 50 C. and formed colorless, rubbery fi ms by molding and coatings by casting from chloroform. This polymer showed an absorption maximum at 3300 angstroms in chloroform solution. 29

Example 12 l o o H 0 Example 11 was repeated with the exception that 24.80 I ll grams of nitroterephthaloyl chloride was used instead of TOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2O 6 T S-nitroisophthaloyl chloride. The polymer, poly(1,6-hex- 30 anediol nitroterephthalate) when molded into films was colorless, softened at 25 C. and was extremely rubbery. Its structure has repeating units represented by:

This polymer had a melting point of 220 C. and its films, obtained by compression molding, were pale yellow.

| 0 Example 17 Using 11 82 grams of 1 6-hexanediol and 39 21 grams H OCHZC ZCHZCHgCmCHzO Q of 4,'5-d1n1trofluorenone-2,7-d1carboxylic acid chloride as 1 the reactants and using the procedure and equipment described in Example 11 aiforded a polyester, poly(1,6- hexanediol 4,5 dinitrofluorenone 2,7 dicarboxylate), which had repeating units represented by:

Example 13 Using the procedure described in Example 11 poly (bisphenol A-S-nitrosiophthalate) was produced by substituting 22.83 grams of bisphenol A for the 1,6-hexane- O diol. The tough polymer, which had repeating units rep- 0 resented by: H H

IO CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OC C|- Films and coatings of this polymer were yellow.

No, Example 18 softened at 120 C. and melted at 225 C. and was Using 11.82 grams of 1.6-hexanediol and 34.91 grams coloflessof 4-dicyanomethylene fluorene 2,7 dicarboxylic acid E l 14 chloride as the reactants in procedure described in Example 11 afforded a polyester with repeating units repre- Example 11 was repeated with the exception that the S-nitroisophthaloyl chloride was replaced by 29.30 grams of 4,6-dinitroisophthaloyl chloride and afforded a. polyester with repeating units represented by:

This polymer, poly(1,6-hexanediol-4,6-dinitroisophtha- This polymer, poly(1,6-hexanediol-9-dicyanomethylenesented by:

late) had a melting point of 160 C. and coatings profluorene-2,7-dicarboxylate) had a melting point of 180 C. duced from it were slightly yellow. and films and coatings produced from it were orange and Example 15 absorbed at 3650 angstroms. A solution 29.92 grams of di(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-nitro- Examp 1e 19 isophthalate and 35.23 grams of bisphenol A dichloro- An orange polyester was produced by the interaction formate in 300 m1. of 1,2-dichloroethane was heated alof 11.82 grams of 1,6-hexanediol and 44.32 grams of most to reflux under an argon atmosphere in a 3-necked 4,5 dinitro 9 dicyanomethylenefluorene 2,7 dicarround bottom flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, boxylic acid chloride using the procedure described in reflux condenser, and additional funnel. Pyridine (30 ml.) Example 11. This polyester, po1y(1,6-hexanediol-4,5-

dinitro 9 dicyanomethylenefluorene 2,7 dicarboxylate), with repeating units represented by:

NC\ /CN l NOz N02 formed films which were high melting and absorbed at 3760 angstroms.

Example 20 Using the procedure described in Example 11 with 9.01 grams of 1,4-butanediol and 25.30 grams of 2,5-dicyauoterephthaloyl chloride as the reactants afforded a tough, colorless polyester with repeating units represented by:

ON 1 it til -OCH2CH2CH2CH2OC C 1 N2. i

This polyester, poly(1,4-butanediol-2,S-dicyanoterephthalate), was converted to films, molded objects and fibers.

Example 21 Example 20 was repeated with the exception that 34.32 grams of 3,3'-bistrifluoromethyl diphenylsulfone-4,4-dicarboxylic acid chloride was used in place of the 2,5-dicyanoterephthaloyl chloride. The polyester, 3,3-bistrifluoromethyl poly(1,4 butanediol-diphenylsulfone) 4,4- dicarboxylate obtained with repeating units represented by:

F30 CF;

formed tough, colorless films that melted over 300 C.

Example 22 Example 11 was repeated with the exception that 24.71 grams of S-acetyl-isophthaloyl chloride was used in place of the S-nitroisophthaloyl chloride. The resultant polymer, poly(1,6-hexanediol--acetylisophthalate), with repeating units represented by:

formed colorless films and coatings.

Example 23 Example 11 was repeated with the exception that the reactants were 22.83 grams of Bisphenol A and 31.72 grams of 3,3 dichlorodiphenylsulfoxide 4,4 dicarboxylic acid chloride. The resultant polyester, poly(bisphenol A-3,3' dichlorodiphenylsulfoxide 4,4 dicarboxylate), with repeating units represented by:

afforded colorless, tough films.

PREPARATION OF MIXTURES OF ELECTRON DONATING AND ELECTRON ACCEPTING POLYMERS Example 24 Equal weights (namely 5 grams) of the polymers prepared in Example 1 and Example 11 respectfully were dissolved in ml. of chloroform to afford a yellow solution which had an absorption maximum of 3910 angstroms. Evaporation of the chloroform left a homogeneous blend of the two polymers which formed tough films, coatings, and shaped articles that had a permanent yelloworange color.

Example 25 Mixing 10 grams of the polymer obtained in Example 1 with 10 grams of the polymer obtained in Example 11 by compression molding the mixture at about 100-500 p.s.i.g. and C. for 5 min. afiorded a plaque of this mixture having the same properties as the solution cast blend produced in Example 24.

Examples 26 and 27 Charge-transfer polymer blends were made by mixing the donor polymer prepared in Example 2 and acceptor polymer prepared in Example 13 mixed in a 1:4 ratio by both solution casting technique of Example 24 in compression molding technique of Example 25. In both cases these blends afforded orange films. These blends showed an absorption maximum at 3980 angstroms and were used to make coatings and shaped articles.

Examples 30 and 31 A 1:1 blend of the donor polymer made in Example 7 and the acceptor polymer made in Example 15 was made by both the methods of Example 20 and Example 21. The resultant blend had a tensile modulus of 360,000 p.s.i., formed very tough, clear films and exhibited a permanent orange color.

Example 32 A charge-transfer blend prepared by molding a mixture of equal parts of the donor polymer prepared in Example 6 which had a volume resistivity of 10 ohm-centi meters and the acceptor polymer prepared in Example 14 which had a volume resistivity of 10 ohm-centimeters produced an orange-red film having an increased conductivity, that is, a volume resistivity of 10 ohm-centimeters.

Example 33 Equal weights of the donor polymer obtained in Example 4 and acceptor polymer obtained in Example 16 (5 grams) were dissolved in 100 ml. of dimethylacetamide and the resultant solution cast onto a clean glass plate. Evaporation of the dimethylacetamide afforded a deep yellow film that exhibited high impact strength.

Example 34 A charge-transfer polymer blend was obtained by mixing 7 grams of the donor polymer obtained from Example 5 and 3 grams of the acceptor polymer obtained in Example 17 in 100 ml. of chloroform. The solution was a bright orange color absorbing at 4500 angstroms. Evaporation of the chloroform left a tough orange film. Fibers were drawn from a melt of this polymer blend and the fibers were permanently colored orange.

Example 35 A charge-transfer polymer blend was prepared by dis- 13 solving 3 grams of the donor polymer obtained in Example 8 (volume resistivity equals 10 ohm-centimeters) with 3 grams of the acceptor polymer obtained in Example 18 (volume resistivity=10 ohm-centimeters) in 100 ml. of dimethylformamide. Evaporation of the solvent left a red polymer blend which had a volume resistivity of 10 ohm-centimeters.

Example 36 The charge-transfer polymer blend was obtained by compression molding a mixture of 10 grams of the donor polymer obtained in Example 10 with 10 grams of the acceptor polymer obtained in Example 19. The resultant compression molded film was purple. The volume resistivity of the polymer blend was 10 ohm-centimeters as compared to a volume resistivity of 10 ohm-centimeter for the donor polymer and acceptor polymer measured alone.

Example 37 A mixture of 6 grams of the donor polymer obtained in Example 3 and 4 grams of the acceptor polymer obtained in Example 20 was compression molded to form a tough yellow film which afforded permanetly colored molded objects.

Example 38 The donor polymer obtained in Example 9 (3 grams) and grams of the acceptor polymer prepared in Example 21 were dissolved in 100 ml. of dimethylformamide. Evaporation of the dimethylformamide alforded a chargetransfer polymer blend which produced pale yellow films and could be drawn into tough fibers.

Example 39 A mixture of grams of the donor polymer prepared in Example 8 and 5 grams of the acceptor prepared in Example 22 was compression molded to form an orange film of a charge-transfer polymer blend. The color of this film was permanent.

Examples 40 and 41 Charge-transfer polymer blends were prepared from the donor polymer prepared in Example 10 (4 grams) and 6 grams of the acceptor polymer prepared in Example 23 both by compression molding and by casting from a solution in 150 m1. of dimethylformamide. In both instances the polymer blend was orange-red in color and extremely tough.

The electrical conductivity of the charge-transfer polywherein R is selected from the group consisting of divalent hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, n is a whole number having a value from 0 to l and D is a divalent nitrogen radical having a formula selected from the following:

CHz-CHz wherein Ar is an aromatic hydrocarbon having from 6 to about 30 carbon atoms, Z is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of alkylamino, dialkylamino, amino, alkoxyl, and hydroxyl radicals with the alkyl groups having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and p is an integer having values from 0 to 3; and

(b) about to 5 percent by weight of an electron accepting polymer having the general formula:

wherein m is a whole number having values from 0 to 1, R is as described above and A is a divalent, arylene radical having a formula selected from the group consisting of:

\ Ar and W t i W3 Yp Yp wherein Y is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of and --NO2, ON, I 3R2 wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

SOaRa, CF3, -N(Ra)a+ and halogen, p is as described above and W is a divalent radical having a formula selected from the group consisting of ON NC 002R: R5020 002m and wherein R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

2. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein R is derived from the group consisting of alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and aryl-alkanes.

3. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 4. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 5. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein OzN- N02 6. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 7. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 8. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein N CN NO: NO:

10. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 11. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein FaC (EF;

12. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 13. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein I I o1 01 14. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 15. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 17. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein D: O CH;

18. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 00113 19. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein D: g I

20. The mixture claimed in claim 2 wherein 21. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein the donor polymer is poly(phenyliminodiethanol isophthalate) and and the acceptor polymer is p01y(1,6-hexanediol-5 nitroisophthalate) 22. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein the donor polymer is poly(phenyliminodiethanol isophthalate) and the acceptor polymer is poly(1,6-hexanediolnitroterephthalate).

23. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein the donor polymer is poly(p-anisyliminodiethanol-isophthalate) and the acceptor polymer is poly(Bisphenol A-5-nitroisophthalate).

. 24. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein the donor polymer is poly(phenyliminodiethanol-bisphenol A carbonate) and the acceptor polymer is poly di(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-nitroisophthalate-Bisphenol A carbonate.

25. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein the donor polymer is poly/(3,4,5 -trimethoxyphenyliminodiethanol isophthalate) and the acceptor polymer is poly(1,6- hexanediol-S-nitroisophthalate) 26. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein the donor polymer is poly(m-tolyliminodiethanol terephthalate) and 17 the acceptor polymer is poly(l,6-hexanediol-fluorenone- 2,7-dicarboxylate).

27. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein the donor polymer is poly(2,S-dirnethoxyphenylimino-diethanol isophthalate) and the acceptor polymer is poly(l,6-hexanedio1-4,5-dinitrofluorenone-2,7-dicarboxylate).

28. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein the donor polymer is poly(p-anisyliminodiethanol-Bisphenol A carbonate) and the acceptor polymer is poly(1,6-hexanediol-9-dicyanomethylenefluorene-2,7-dicarboxylate) 29. The mixture claimed in claim 1 wherein the donor polymer is poly(N,N'-dihydroxyethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-Bisphenol A carbonate) and the acceptor polymer is po1y(l,6-hexanediol-, 4,5-dinitro-9-dicyanomethylenefluorene-2,7-dicarboxylate) 1 8 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,423,483 1/1969 Anyos et al. 260-860 OTHER REFERENCES Iourn. Poly. Sci., Polymer Letters, Upadhyay et al., pp. 369-70, Proton Transfer-Deeply Colored Polymers. WILLIAM SHORT, Primary Examiner E. WOODBERRY, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 252-500 

